JR,
Here’s my take on ‘02 emissions, based on a range of ‘02’s and 45 years of experience: 1967 1600-2, 1970 2002, 1973 2002tii, and 1976 2002.
Beginning in 1968, the U.S. began imposing emissions regulations that increased, generally, each year. It started largely with air pumps, in 1968 — which consumed some measurable, albeit small, amount of horsepower — but, thereafter, became exercises in tuning engines for optimal emissions, and not for optimal power. The U.S.-spec exhaust manifolds, at least for the carbed cars, had air injection ports from the introduction of the air pump onward, so exhaust manifolds did not generally become more restrictive with time (I don’t know enough about the 1975 thermal reactor exhaust manifolds to comment on them). Further, a perception that U.S. buyers, at least for the carbed models, would be turned off by the need for premium fuel, kept BMW from compensating for the U.S. tuning losses with higher compression. These tuning “refinements”, e.g., vacuum retard distributors, indeed, took a toll on power. How much power was lost on U.S.-spec ‘02’s from 1968 to 1976? I’d guess 5% or less. And 49-state 1976 cars (which is to say, most 1976 cars) acquired the cleaner burning E21 head, which allowed BMW to eliminate the thermal reactor exhaust manifolds seen on 1975 cars and the vacuum retard distributors seen on 1974 and 1975 cars.
I’d thus view the power degradation on U.S.-spec ‘02’s as a gently-sloping downward ramp from 1968 to 1975, with some minor power recovery in 1976 (excepting 1976 California versions, which were identical power-wise to all 1975 ‘02’s). At no point did ‘02 power fall off a cliff. Rather, it was nibbled away, year after year, by the increasing emissions standards.
I still run full original emissions equipment on my 1976 49-state version, not because I need to but because I want to maintain the car — I’m the original owner — in a largely stock state. I’ll freely admit, however, that the car is no longer tuned for optimal emissions. It’s tuned for power and smoothness.
Regards,
Steve